the bone of leaves

the bone of leaves

 

 

 

 

Plant leaf as the organ is berlangsunya fotosentesis process, evaporation (transpiration), and transportation. The leaves are composed of several kinds of tissues such as the epidermis, parenchyma and vascular bundles (xylem phloem dal). Mouth leaves (stomata), which berfunngsi for gas exchange. The stomata are generally section leaves open and closing of stomata is regulated by turgor pressure. Section consists of a leaf mesophyll tissue fence (pelisida) and spongy tissue (sponge) on dicotyledonous leaves spongy tissue are formed the bone transport membuluh leaves.

 

Parts of Leaves:

 

in general have a complete leaf parts, namely:
1. Or Upih Leaf Leaf sheaths (Vagina)
Which leaves only berupih we find in plants belonging to plant a single seed (Monocotyledoneae) alone. upih leaf or frond has a protective function As the young buds, as can be seen in sugarcane (Seccharum Officinnarum L).

 
2. Leaf stalks (Petioulus)
Petiole is the part that supports the servant and served to get helayan leaves in such a position to be able to obtain the sun light as much as possible.

 
3. Helayan leaves (lamina)
Helayan leaf is the most important part of the leaf and quickly attracted attention. So a trait that really only applies to helayan, also called as the nature of the leaves. Example: if we say jackfruit leaves oblong ellipse that is not true leaves but helayannya.

 

Leaf traits that deserve our attention are as follows :

Waking ( shape ) leaves ( Circumscriptio )Based on the location of the leaf width , can be differentiated into four groups, namely :

a. Widest part is in the middle of the leaf blade . Possible wake leaves that will be encountered are: ( round or circular ) can usually be encountered on thoria regia , large lotus ( Nelumbo Druce Nelumbium ) , ( wake shield ) that usually wake rounded leaves and leaf stalks embedded in the center of the leaf blade , for example, the leaves of the distance , and a large lotus . ( wake ellipse ) that if the ratio of length : width 2:1 as in jackfruit leaves . ( wake lengthwise ) ie if the length : width 3:1 for example in sugar apple leaf ( Annona squamosa L ) . ( wake lancet ) such as frangipani leaf ( Plumiera acuminata Ait . )
b . Widest part located under the middle of the leaf blade .     1 . The leaves are not bertoreh , have the following forms : ovoid wake ( ovatus ) , wake triangle ( triangularis ) , waking delta ( deltoid ) , wake lozenges ( rhomboideus ) .      2 . Bertoreh or notched leaf base . Have the following forms : waking heart ( cordatus ) , wake kidney ( reniformis ) , wake up arrows ( sagittatus ) , wake spear ( Hastatus ) , wake -eared ( auriculatus ) .
c . There widest part above the middle of the leaf blade . Wake that can be encountered are usually oval -shaped wake breech , breech heart wake , wake inverted triangle , and wake spatula or spatel or Solet .

d . No widest part of the base to the tip or nearly led the same width . Like waking up the line , tape wake , wake up the sword , get up spikes .

 

Leaf tip (Apex Folii)

 
The forms of leaf tips can be classified as follows:
a. Pointy, which leaves the two edges where the right and left up to the mother's the bone and forming an acute angle. For example oleander leaves

 
b. Tapered, which is the same as at the end of the pointed leaves, but the higher end of the second meeting so that the leaves appear on the leaves narrow and panjang.misalnya tailings.

 
c. Blunt, which leaf edges are a bit away from the bone mother brown leaves forming a corner tumpul.misalnya kecik.

 
d. Rounded, which is equal to the blunt ends of the leaves but not the angle formed at all, until the end of the leaf resembles the leaf busur.contohnya horse's feet.

 
e. Rompang, ie leaf tip appears as a flat line. For example dun cashew

 
f. Split, ie the tip of the leaf which usually shows a recess, for example on leaves sidaguri.

 
g. Barbed, which closed with the end of the leaf in a pointy and hard. For example, the leaves of the pineapple.

 

the base of the leaves

 
Leaf base differentiated into:
1. Leaf edges never met, but separated by a maternal the bone, has a shape: tapered, tapered, blunt, rounded, flat, grooved.
2. Leaf edges can meet and attaches to each other, meeting at the base of the leaf edges occur on the same side of the rod corresponds to the leaves on the stem, and leaf edges meetings occur on the other side opposite the stem or leaves the location of his face.

 

Composition of Bone - Bone Leaves ( Nelvatio Or venation ) 

              The bones of the leaves are the leaves that are useful for Giving strength to the leaves , as is the case with the bones of animals and humans . therefore the whole bones in the leaves in the leaf skeleton is also called ( sceleton ) . Besides, as adherents of the bones it leaves the files actually are vessels that serves as a path for the transport of substances , namely Jalan transporting substances extracted from soil and its water is dissolved salts therein Road transportation of assimilation of place of manufacture is from leaves to other parts that require these substances .   bones according to the size of its leaves are divided into :1 . mother bone ( costa ) , is usually the largest bone and a petiole canal , and there in the middle of the leaf lengthwise and divide . There are leaves that do not have a mother right in the middle of the strands of the bone , so that the two parts on either side of the mother leaves the bones become symmetric or asymmetric , eg Begonia leaves .There is also a leaf that has some great bones all of which are based on the tip of the leaf stalk , for example, the leaves of which have a wake shield or rounded leaves ( large lotus , distance , cassava ) .
2 . the bones of the branches ( lateral nerve ) , which bones are smaller than the mother of bone and bone originate in the mother . Bone branches directly derived from maternal bone in the bone called the branch level 1 , while the level of the branch branch bone called bone ssebagai branch level 2 and so on .
3 . leaf veins ( vein ) . branch is equal to the bone , but a small or soft and each other along the bones that make up the composition of such a larger mesh , lattice etc. .

 

The composition of the leaf bones classified into 4, namely:

 

1. Pinnate (Penninervis)
Bone pinnate leaves shaped like a fish fin arrangement. An example is the leaves of mango, guava leaf, jackfruit leaves.

2. finger (Palminervis)
the bone shape arrangement leaves menjari like fingers. An example is the papaya leaves, cassava leaves, and leaf distances.

 

3. Curved (Curninervis)
Curved leaf shape the bone like curved lines. The ends of the the bone curved leaf looks together. An example is the betel leaf and leaf velvetleaf.

 

 

4. Parallel (Rectinervis) Form of parallel veins such as straight lines parallel. Examples are sugar cane and all types of grass.